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The "Big Bang"
Time: 10-43 seconds
This period is known as the Planck length, after the famous physicist, is furthest back we can look and still have some guesses to what was going on.
Now at this point, there is actually nothing. Imagine it, no up, down, left or right - nothing. This is before the Universe even began to expand and fill with everything. No one is even sure if it is possible to apply physics to this state of being.
We can only represent this with a Universe filled with questions.
Time: Between 10-12 and 10-10 seconds
It is during this very short period of time that the "Big Bang" officially begins. It is here that the Universe enters its Expansion era, and dimensions take form.
Now, somehow during this time all of the radiation needed to create the Universe we see today was created and the Universe was left in a hot, dense, "Quantum" state.
This then cooled very slightly and we were left with a seething pool of photons, gluons and other elementary particles.
Time: 10-11 seconds
At this stage the tiny expanding Universe is filled with radiation which creates pairs of particles and anti-particles, these are known as quarks and anti-quarks and these are building blocks of matter.
Almost as soon as these particles are created, they annihilate each other back into the radiation and this process repeats.
However, as the Universe cooled, less pairs were created, and less annihilated, and more by chance than anything else we
were left with more quarks than anti-quarks.
Time: 10-4 seconds
OK, now at this point, after the Universe has cooled and expanded further, something very important happens. All the quarks and anti-quarks that are whizzing around at incredible speeds, freely and on their own start to become confined inside things called mesons such as the pi meson and baryons such as the proton and neutron.
The theory of this confinement and de-confinement is called "Quantum Chromodynamics" for all you egg heads :) and even in theory
the details of this confinement and de-confinement are not well understood. It is simply taken that once the particles cool down
enough the confinement takes place.
Time: 1 second
For a long time, scientists have known that if you leave a neutron on its own, it will decay into a proton, an electron and
an electron antineutrino. However, a proton left on its own, will not decay into anything.
To change a proton back into a neutron you need to shoot an electron or an antineutrino back into it with vast amounts of energy. Now just prior to this era, there was this amount of energy and neutrons and protons were rapidly changing into each other through the emission and absorption of these particles. However as the Universe expanded and cooled, there was less of this energy and the process slowed, and we have been left with about 7 protons to every neutron.
Time: 100 seconds
At this point in the expansion the average temperature is low enough to allow protons and neutrons to clump together and make nuclei of the lighter elements such as Hydrogen, Helium and Lithium.
Neutrons and protons attract each other at very short distances, so in order to form nuclei protons and neutrons have to be very close together for some time. This could only happen when the Universe was cool enough. During this stage of the Universe we have Hydrogen, Helium some Lithium and a small amount of Deuterium.
Time: 10,000 Years
As usual, the Universe is still cooling and expanding. But as this happens, more and more matter is being created by the high energy radiation. And as the Universe expands, that matter loses less energy than the radiation does.
Eventually the energy in matter becomes larger than the energy in the radiation. The matter then dominates over the radiation in determining how the Universe expands from here on in.
At the end of this process, photons scatter much more with each other than they do with matter. As a result, the energy exchange between matter and radiation becomes less efficient. The photons thermalize and start behaving as thermal black body radiation. We can measure this cosmic background radiation today.
Time: 500,000 Years
The Universe continues to cool, and at this stage it cools down enough to allow the electrons in the universe to be captured by a nucleus without being smacked off by other particles.
As the speed of the electrons slows as the Universe cools, they are caught by the protons and atoms begin to form. Since the only nuclei that exist are Hydrogen, Helium and Lithium, they are the first atoms to exist.
Heavier elements are made in a very different way…
Time: 1,000,000,000 Years
Now that the radiation has cooled and decoupled from matter, and almost all the electrons are bound up to nuclei in the basic atoms, gravitational forces become important. Hydrogen gas is pulled together by gravity until the force causes the gas to collapse and ignite through hydrogen fusion to form the first stars.
Time: 2-13 Billion Years
At this stage, hydrogen, helium and lithium were basically the only three elements in the Universe. The heavier elements actually come from inside the stars.
The gravity around a star is huge, so other elements get pulled into the stars and then smashed together through nuclear fusion.
How did these elements get out of the stars? The answer is simple, once the stars died, they exploded into supernovas and all the elements inside are thrown out into space before the star becomes a white dwarf or a black hole. This process takes very long, a time scale of around 11 billion years.
So now you know that we are all made from stardust :)
Time: Present Day
Eventually the galaxies formed, and with that, our solar system; life miraculously evolved on Earth, and here we are, looking back onto the birth of our Universe :)
Thanks for reading, Chaos.
Time: 10-43 seconds
This period is known as the Planck length, after the famous physicist, is furthest back we can look and still have some guesses to what was going on.
Now at this point, there is actually nothing. Imagine it, no up, down, left or right - nothing. This is before the Universe even began to expand and fill with everything. No one is even sure if it is possible to apply physics to this state of being.
We can only represent this with a Universe filled with questions.
Time: Between 10-12 and 10-10 seconds
It is during this very short period of time that the "Big Bang" officially begins. It is here that the Universe enters its Expansion era, and dimensions take form.
Now, somehow during this time all of the radiation needed to create the Universe we see today was created and the Universe was left in a hot, dense, "Quantum" state.
This then cooled very slightly and we were left with a seething pool of photons, gluons and other elementary particles.
Time: 10-11 seconds
At this stage the tiny expanding Universe is filled with radiation which creates pairs of particles and anti-particles, these are known as quarks and anti-quarks and these are building blocks of matter.
Almost as soon as these particles are created, they annihilate each other back into the radiation and this process repeats.
However, as the Universe cooled, less pairs were created, and less annihilated, and more by chance than anything else we
were left with more quarks than anti-quarks.
Time: 10-4 seconds
OK, now at this point, after the Universe has cooled and expanded further, something very important happens. All the quarks and anti-quarks that are whizzing around at incredible speeds, freely and on their own start to become confined inside things called mesons such as the pi meson and baryons such as the proton and neutron.
The theory of this confinement and de-confinement is called "Quantum Chromodynamics" for all you egg heads :) and even in theory
the details of this confinement and de-confinement are not well understood. It is simply taken that once the particles cool down
enough the confinement takes place.
Time: 1 second
For a long time, scientists have known that if you leave a neutron on its own, it will decay into a proton, an electron and
an electron antineutrino. However, a proton left on its own, will not decay into anything.
To change a proton back into a neutron you need to shoot an electron or an antineutrino back into it with vast amounts of energy. Now just prior to this era, there was this amount of energy and neutrons and protons were rapidly changing into each other through the emission and absorption of these particles. However as the Universe expanded and cooled, there was less of this energy and the process slowed, and we have been left with about 7 protons to every neutron.
Time: 100 seconds
At this point in the expansion the average temperature is low enough to allow protons and neutrons to clump together and make nuclei of the lighter elements such as Hydrogen, Helium and Lithium.
Neutrons and protons attract each other at very short distances, so in order to form nuclei protons and neutrons have to be very close together for some time. This could only happen when the Universe was cool enough. During this stage of the Universe we have Hydrogen, Helium some Lithium and a small amount of Deuterium.
Time: 10,000 Years
As usual, the Universe is still cooling and expanding. But as this happens, more and more matter is being created by the high energy radiation. And as the Universe expands, that matter loses less energy than the radiation does.
Eventually the energy in matter becomes larger than the energy in the radiation. The matter then dominates over the radiation in determining how the Universe expands from here on in.
At the end of this process, photons scatter much more with each other than they do with matter. As a result, the energy exchange between matter and radiation becomes less efficient. The photons thermalize and start behaving as thermal black body radiation. We can measure this cosmic background radiation today.
Time: 500,000 Years
The Universe continues to cool, and at this stage it cools down enough to allow the electrons in the universe to be captured by a nucleus without being smacked off by other particles.
As the speed of the electrons slows as the Universe cools, they are caught by the protons and atoms begin to form. Since the only nuclei that exist are Hydrogen, Helium and Lithium, they are the first atoms to exist.
Heavier elements are made in a very different way…
Time: 1,000,000,000 Years
Now that the radiation has cooled and decoupled from matter, and almost all the electrons are bound up to nuclei in the basic atoms, gravitational forces become important. Hydrogen gas is pulled together by gravity until the force causes the gas to collapse and ignite through hydrogen fusion to form the first stars.
Time: 2-13 Billion Years
At this stage, hydrogen, helium and lithium were basically the only three elements in the Universe. The heavier elements actually come from inside the stars.
The gravity around a star is huge, so other elements get pulled into the stars and then smashed together through nuclear fusion.
How did these elements get out of the stars? The answer is simple, once the stars died, they exploded into supernovas and all the elements inside are thrown out into space before the star becomes a white dwarf or a black hole. This process takes very long, a time scale of around 11 billion years.
So now you know that we are all made from stardust :)
Time: Present Day
Eventually the galaxies formed, and with that, our solar system; life miraculously evolved on Earth, and here we are, looking back onto the birth of our Universe :)
Thanks for reading, Chaos.
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Im not saying pick and choose bits as metaphors and bits as literal. Im saying that Genesis isnt a science book so shouldnt be treated as such.
Nobody was alive when the world was created so nobody, including Moses who wrote Genesis, could witness exactly what happened or how long it took. From a Christian point of view the time frame doesnt matter. The message that God created the world is more important than how he actually did it.
Nobody was alive when the world was created so nobody, including Moses who wrote Genesis, could witness exactly what happened or how long it took. From a Christian point of view the time frame doesnt matter. The message that God created the world is more important than how he actually did it.
Geffdof wrote:
> Oh, and to answer someones question about the age of the
> earth... Creationists tent to believe that the earth is 10,000
> years old.
> I personally dont have a clue and also dont think it matters.
> There is no way to prove or disprove the age of the earth and
> why does it matter anyway?
It is impossible to prove the exact age of the earth, but it's certainly possible to prove that it's older than 10,000 years. Quite a lot older actually.
> Oh, and to answer someones question about the age of the
> earth... Creationists tent to believe that the earth is 10,000
> years old.
> I personally dont have a clue and also dont think it matters.
> There is no way to prove or disprove the age of the earth and
> why does it matter anyway?
It is impossible to prove the exact age of the earth, but it's certainly possible to prove that it's older than 10,000 years. Quite a lot older actually.
of course it matters, because the timings of science and Christianity are so disparate it's ridiculous. If we look at the Bible as a source of evidence, any rational argument falls at the first hurdle of; well we take this bit as metaphor. But not this bit. Why? Um, because...
The big bang theory fits in fine with the bible. Time, space and matter all appeared at the same moment which is essentially what the first line of the bible says:
"In the begining (time), God created the heavens (space) and the earth (matter)."
Genesis isnt a science text book and isnt supposed to give an accurate account or explaination of what happened from a science point of view, but there is no reason that I can see as to why the big bang theory cant fit in with creationism. I just think that God casued the bang.
The idea of the world being created in 6 days is debated by many theologians as to wheather its a literal 6 day period or a symbolic story. Partly because of 2Peter 3:8 "But do not forget this one thing, dear friends: With the Lord a day is like a thousand years, and a thousand years are like a day".
The real difference is about how life started. Was it made by God or did it just spontaneously arise?
Oh, and to answer someones question about the age of the earth... Creationists tent to believe that the earth is 10,000 years old.
I personally dont have a clue and also dont think it matters. There is no way to prove or disprove the age of the earth and why does it matter anyway?
"In the begining (time), God created the heavens (space) and the earth (matter)."
Genesis isnt a science text book and isnt supposed to give an accurate account or explaination of what happened from a science point of view, but there is no reason that I can see as to why the big bang theory cant fit in with creationism. I just think that God casued the bang.
The idea of the world being created in 6 days is debated by many theologians as to wheather its a literal 6 day period or a symbolic story. Partly because of 2Peter 3:8 "But do not forget this one thing, dear friends: With the Lord a day is like a thousand years, and a thousand years are like a day".
The real difference is about how life started. Was it made by God or did it just spontaneously arise?
Oh, and to answer someones question about the age of the earth... Creationists tent to believe that the earth is 10,000 years old.
I personally dont have a clue and also dont think it matters. There is no way to prove or disprove the age of the earth and why does it matter anyway?
They'd be wrong. The whole point of the 6 days thing is in the translation. (the 7th day was a rest day, the sabbath). But 'days', I think, was a rough translation of something more like 'ages'.
Anyway, a lot of the old testament just sounds like allegory, anyway...
Anyway, a lot of the old testament just sounds like allegory, anyway...
tnc wrote:
> Most tend to say 'seven days' and then argue that seven days can
> be in the time of God, in other words so many millions of years
> per day.
Oh right so 7 amounts of an undefined length of time.
Sounds useful.
> Most tend to say 'seven days' and then argue that seven days can
> be in the time of God, in other words so many millions of years
> per day.
Oh right so 7 amounts of an undefined length of time.
Sounds useful.
Most tend to say 'seven days' and then argue that seven days can be in the time of God, in other words so many millions of years per day.
You have to have the extremely devout (blind) view of the Creationalists to really get your head around it though, considering this 'seven day' period could change every few millenia.
You have to have the extremely devout (blind) view of the Creationalists to really get your head around it though, considering this 'seven day' period could change every few millenia.
How old do Creationism believers think the world is?
Chaos wrote:
> pb wrote:
> There are some inaccuracies, I believe.
>
> The Big Bang only created our set of planets in the universe.
> Before that there was a different type of universe, still
> populated, but not as we currently know it. This is what
> astronomers have found through increasingly powerful telescopes
> checking even further away than before.
>
> Wow, I haven't even heard of this theory, if you come across
> some websites with it, please show me :)
>
The ekpyrotic universe theory is explained in brief here. But there is another theory that has been created using recent findings of a much smaller universe that existed before the events of the Big Bang. However, this all comes from memory and I admit that some of the facts may be incorrect. All I remember that it was in Time magazine and Tom Abel was one of the researchers. I can't seem to find much online though. But it did seem (certainly, at the time) that the 'evidence' pointed strongly towards this being the main possibility.
And interestingly, the Catholic church itself officially realises the Big Bang theory, as of 1951. Coming from a singularity it neatly ties in with Genesis at it's most basic level. The idea of a universe before the Big Bang would be more worrying for the chuch than starting from a singularity.
> pb wrote:
> There are some inaccuracies, I believe.
>
> The Big Bang only created our set of planets in the universe.
> Before that there was a different type of universe, still
> populated, but not as we currently know it. This is what
> astronomers have found through increasingly powerful telescopes
> checking even further away than before.
>
> Wow, I haven't even heard of this theory, if you come across
> some websites with it, please show me :)
>
The ekpyrotic universe theory is explained in brief here. But there is another theory that has been created using recent findings of a much smaller universe that existed before the events of the Big Bang. However, this all comes from memory and I admit that some of the facts may be incorrect. All I remember that it was in Time magazine and Tom Abel was one of the researchers. I can't seem to find much online though. But it did seem (certainly, at the time) that the 'evidence' pointed strongly towards this being the main possibility.
And interestingly, the Catholic church itself officially realises the Big Bang theory, as of 1951. Coming from a singularity it neatly ties in with Genesis at it's most basic level. The idea of a universe before the Big Bang would be more worrying for the chuch than starting from a singularity.
pb wrote:
> There are some inaccuracies, I believe.
>
> The Big Bang only created our set of planets in the universe.
> Before that there was a different type of universe, still
> populated, but not as we currently know it. This is what
> astronomers have found through increasingly powerful telescopes
> checking even further away than before.
Wow, I haven't even heard of this theory, if you come across some websites with it, please show me :)
> The whole Big Bang theory isn't quite 100% stable either. This
> is how it is currently percieved by many to have happened, but
> there are points of contention from scientists who are even now
> finding new evidence for the creation of our known universe as
> it now stands.
Indeed, most of this theory follows the course of what string theory can show us, hence the relevance of 10-43.
It will be very difficult to prove any "Origin" theory 100% though, as none of it will ever be able to be proven if the acceleration of the Universe holds.
> oh, and Christians may argue that the bible told of 6 'ages', it
> is heavily translated, after all. There's always a retort!
Yeah there's another that says we are in the 3rd Universe and that our world will collapse in 2013 etc. etc. etc.
> There are some inaccuracies, I believe.
>
> The Big Bang only created our set of planets in the universe.
> Before that there was a different type of universe, still
> populated, but not as we currently know it. This is what
> astronomers have found through increasingly powerful telescopes
> checking even further away than before.
Wow, I haven't even heard of this theory, if you come across some websites with it, please show me :)
> The whole Big Bang theory isn't quite 100% stable either. This
> is how it is currently percieved by many to have happened, but
> there are points of contention from scientists who are even now
> finding new evidence for the creation of our known universe as
> it now stands.
Indeed, most of this theory follows the course of what string theory can show us, hence the relevance of 10-43.
It will be very difficult to prove any "Origin" theory 100% though, as none of it will ever be able to be proven if the acceleration of the Universe holds.
> oh, and Christians may argue that the bible told of 6 'ages', it
> is heavily translated, after all. There's always a retort!
Yeah there's another that says we are in the 3rd Universe and that our world will collapse in 2013 etc. etc. etc.
Page: